Technical Information

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Color Imaging for Multimedia

To a significant degree, multimedia applications derive their effectiveness from the use of color graphics, images, and video. However, the requirements for accurate color reproduction and for the preservation of this information across display and print devices that have very different characteristics and may be geographically apart are often not clearly understood. This paper describes the basics of color science, color input and output devices, color management, and calibration that help in defining and meeting these requirements.

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Color Device Calibration: A Mathematical Formulation
The mathematical formulation of calibrating color image reproduction and recording devices is presented. This formulation provides a foundation for future research in areas of characterization of devices and display of color images. The importance of calibration is demonstrated by real examples. The procedure outlined in this paper should become standard for displaying color images for the image processing community.

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An LED Based Spectrophotometric Instrument
The performance of an LED-based, dual-beam, spectrophotometer is discussed. The di±culty with producing an LED based instrument in the past has been the limited choice of LEDs, particularly in the blue/green region. Recent advances in LED technology have made such a device possible. The instrument discussed uses commercially available LEDs and other oÆ-the-shelve electronic components which results in a low cost durable device. A mathematical model of the device is constructed, and the sources of deviations from this model are discussed.

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Color Scanner Calibration via a Neural Network
The mathematical formulation of calibrating color scanners is presented. The mapping from scanned values to colorimetric values is inherently nonlinear. Cal-
ibration required approximating this nonlinear mapping. Neural networks are particularly suited to this task. Performance using an artificial neural network
generated LUT is compared to that achieved by other commonly used methods.

PDF Format (160k)


	An LED Based Spectrophotometric Instrument The performance of an LED-based, dual-beam, spectrophotometer is discussed. The di±culty with producing an LED based instrument in the past has been the limited choice of LEDs, particularly in the blue/green region. Recent advances in LED technology have made such a device possible. The instrument discussed uses commercially available LEDs and other oÆ-the-shelve electronic components which results in a low cost durable device. A mathematical model of the device is constructed, and the sources of deviations from this model are discussed.
	PDF Format (320k)
	Color Scanner Calibration via a Neural Network The mathematical formulation of calibrating color scanners is presented. The mapping from scanned values to colorimetric values is inherently nonlinear. Cal- ibration required approximating this nonlinear mapping. Neural networks are particularly suited to this task. Performance using an artificial neural network generated LUT is compared to that achieved by other commonly used methods.
	PDF Format (160k)